渤海湾天津段潮间带沉积物柱状样重金属污染特征

Contaminative Features of Heavy Metals for Tidal Sediment Cores in Tianjin Bohai Bay

2003-11采集了渤海湾天津段北至大沽口,南到岐口海域潮间带3个沉积物柱状样,对沉积物的粒度、有机质、重金属含量进行分析,对渤海湾潮间带沉积物柱状样的地化性质、重金属污染概况以及重金属的空间、垂向分布特点进行了研究.渤海湾潮间带沉积物由北至南逐渐变细,大沽口和独流减河口海域的沉积物主要是极细砂-粉砂-细砂组成,岐口海域潮间带沉积物主要组分是粉砂和极细砂.3个柱状样的垂向粒度分布趋势表明渤海湾潮间带沉积物自下向上有“粗化”的趋势.Fe、Al、Mn3种元素的空间分布与沉积物的粒径呈显著的负相关性,即Fe、Al、Mn含量主要分布在粒度较细的沉积物中.渤海湾潮间带主要重金属污染元素是Pb、Zn、Cd 3种.通过归一化研究,这3类重金属元素在沉积物中有很明显的人为污染痕迹,含量远远高于其相应的环境背景值.

Three sediment cores were collected in Nov. of 2003 from Dagu estuary to Qikou estuary. The grain size, TOC and heavy metal contents of core sediments were analyzed in order to study the geochemical characteristics, contamination features and the spatial and vertical distribution characters for heavy metals of tidal zones in Bohai Bay. The grain size of tidal sediments becomes finer from north to south. Ultrafine, fine and power sand are the main compositions in the sediment of Dagu and Duliujian estuary. The sediment of Qikou estuary is mainly composed by power and ultrafine sand. The vertical distribution trends of three sediment cores indicate that the grain-size becomes bigger from the bottom to the upper. The distribution of Fe,Al,Mn contents has distinct negative correlation with the grain-size of sediment, that is to say, the fine-grained sediments have higher contents of Fe,Al、Mn. Pb, Zn and Cd are the dominating contaminative elements in tidal sediments of Bohai Bay. Their contents are higher than the corresponding environmental background values, indicating of the anthropogenic enrichment.