基于RS和GIS的人口估计方法研究综述

A Review on RS- and GIS-Based Population Estimation Methods

随着RS和GIS技术的迅速发展,RS和GIS成为进行人口估计的主要手段。根据人口估计的目标和使用的数据源不同,可以把基于RS和GIS的人口估计方法分成两大类:面插值方法和统计模型方法。面插值方法根据插值过程中是否使用辅助数据可以进一步分成无辅助数据的面插值和有辅助数据的面插值两种。统计模型方法根据模型中自变量的不同可以分成建成区面积估计法、土地利用密度法、居住单元估计法、图像像元特征估计法和自然和社会经济特征综合估计法五种。本文按照上述分类标准综述了基于RS和GIS的各种人口估计方法,分析了各种方法的应用条件、优缺点和研究实例。最后提出了在基于RS和GIS进行人口估计方面需要进一步研究的问题。

With rapid development of RS and GIS technologies, RS and GIS have become the main means of population estimation. RS- and GIS-based population estimation methods can be divided into two categories in terms of the application goal and the required data information, i. e. areal interpolation and statistical modeling. Methods depending on whether ancillary information is used, areal interpolation methods can be further grouped into two categories： areal interpolation without ancillary information and areal interpolation with ancillary information. Statistical modeling methods can be further separated into five classes according to the difference of independent variables in the model, i.e. built-up area estimation method, land use density method, dwelling unit estimation method, image pixel characteristic estimation method, and physical and socio-economic characteristic estimation method. Different kinds of population estimation methods based on RS and GIS were reviewed following the aforementioned classification criterion. The application occasion, advantage and disadvantage, and research instance of all sorts of population estimation methods were analyzed. Finally, the issues necessary to be studied further in this field were put forward.