能源生态系统发育——兼论西部能源资源开发

Evolution of Energy,Ecosystem in West China

现代能源生态系统由内生、外生和共生三大子系统所组成。地带、省(市、区)和市(地)3个空间层次的投入产出分析表明:第一,现代能源生态系统的发育不仅取决于系统整体的发育环境,而且也取决于自身系统内部的结构组成特征及其开放性;第二,地区能源内生系统的开放性对系统整体的发育同样具有重要作用,不过,这种作用一般要在系统发育走向成熟时才显得更为重要;第三,随着当地资源开发规模的增大和产品外供能力的加强,能源生态系统发育,特别是系统结构的协调将面临巨大挑战。

Based on the principles of bio-ecology,energy-ecosystem consists of three essential subsystems,namely,the endogenous system with the exploitations of coal,oil,natural gas as well as water power, the exogenous system with the productions of agriculture and manufacture,and the symbiotic system with the operations of transportation,communication,commercial and residential business.A nation wide perspective in general and West China in special are combined with input-output approach.The results indicated the following points. Firstly,the economic development and structural changes are the two key factors for the evolution of modem energy ecosystem in terms of the long-period practices of industrialization movement during the last 50 years in both the nation and the west. Secondly,the opening-up level has an important function to the evolution of the energy ecosystem,especially in the germination period when the system is addressed by energy-export orientation. Finally,the more maturity the energy ecosystem is,the more opened up the system has,and the greater eoordination between the endogenous,the exogenous and the symbiotie systems would be needed.Sueh an evolution eould be a great potential ehallenge for the development of energy industry in West China as the thirsty dominate market is looking forward to more energy supply from it in one hand,and the energy industry is more aggressive to the local natural environment under the polarized effeets in the other.