铝合金舟桥结构设计与甲板力学性能研究

Research on Structure Design and Deck Mechanics Performance of Aluminum Alloy Pontoon Bridge

针对铝合金舟桥在设计、受力分析、制造工艺诸方面的技术难题,开展了“铝合金用于舟桥承重结构的设计研究”预先研究工作。通过分析和试验研究,选出5种符合舟桥结构特点和加工要求的国产铝合金材料,确定了它们的机械性能和本构模型,制定了铝合金舟桥实用的焊接制造工艺;根据铝合金材料和舟体受力特点,提出了铝合金舟体结构的设计原则和雏形;通过结构拓扑优化和尺寸优化,确定了铝合金甲板的设计方案;通过理论分析和试验研究,建立了舟体结构强度的有限元数值分析模型,分析了铝合金甲板极限承载力和破坏机理,并建立了合理的失稳模态计算模型。

For solving the key problems concerned in design, analysis and manufacturing tecnnology of aluminum alloy pontoon bridge, the research on design of main structure of the pontoon bridge made of aluminum alloy is carried out. Five aluminum alloys available in pontoon bridge are picked out through tests and analysis, which mechanical properties and constitutive equations are determinecl and a practical welding technology for aluminum alloy pontoon bridge is set down. Based on the characteristics of aluminum alloy and the status of pontoon bridge under loads, the design principle and method for aluminum alloy pontoon bridge are put forward, and the scheme of aluminum deck is determined by structure topology optimization and size optimization. A FEM model for analyzing the structure strength of pontoon is established according to the results of theoretical analysis and tests. The ultimate load-carrying capacity and failure mechanism of the deck are discussed, and a reasonable model for calculating the instability mode is constructed.