平面火花隙三电极开关研制及性能测试

Development on planar spark gap switch with three electrodes

研制了一种适用于平行板传输连接的平面火花隙三电极开关,开关正负电极为半圆形状,触发电极为细条状。将之替代立体式(半球形电极)火花隙三电极开关并应用于爆炸箔起爆装置中,装置回路参数将得以优化。实验测试了空气间隙为4.12,3.14和2.2 mm的平面火花隙三电极开关的性能。结果表明,在开关间隙间距一定的情况下,随着电压的升高,开关间隙的放电时延和分散时间呈指数降低,开关电感小于15nH;对于不同范围内的应用电压,使用不同间隙间距的开关,其分散时间不大于10 ns。该开关应用于较低充电电压(小于10 kV)的脉冲功率装置中,与立体式火花隙三电极开关相比,回路电感降低了约50 nH,放电周期缩短近1/3,峰值电流增加约1/3。

A planar spark gap switch with three electrodes which is suitable for connecting parallel-plate transmission lines is developed. The shape of positive and negative electrodes of the switch is semicircle, and the triggering electrode is a thin strip. When the planar spark gap switch substitutes for the stereo spark gap with hemispherical electrodes used in the exploding foil initiator, the parameters in the circuit are optimized obviously. The performance of the planar spark gap switch with different gap space was measured. The experimental results show that the inductance of the planar spark gap is less than 15 nil, and that the jitter time of the switch with different gap space is no morc than 10 ns for different applied voltages ranges. When the planar spark gap switch is used in the pulse power apparatuses with less than 10 kV charging voltages, compared with the stereo spark gap swith, the inductance of the circuit is reduced about 50 nil, the discharging period is shortened about one third, and the peak current is increased nearly one third.