当代军人个性特征与焦虑及抑郁情绪关系的再研究

Relationship of Personality with Anxiety and Depression in Armymen

目的了解军人个性特征及其与焦虑、抑郁的关系,为心理教育提供依据。方法应用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS),对833名男性军人进行心理测评。结果(1)受测军人EPQE维度分显著性低于军人常模,EPQL维度分显著性高于军人常模,EPQP、EPQN两维度分与军人常模无显著性差异;受测军人中个性内向、倾向内向及情绪倾向不稳定者比例显著性高于军人常模,而个性外向、倾向外向、中间及情绪稳定者比例显著性低于军人常模。(2)不同气质类型军人SAS、SDS评分组间差异明显,得分高低次序为抑郁质、胆汁质、中间类型、粘液质、多血质;抑郁质军人发生焦虑和抑郁的比例最高(37.8%和57.0%),而多血质军人发生焦虑和抑郁的比例最低(11.2%和24.0%),其它气质类型军人发生焦虑和抑郁的比例居于两者中间。结论新时期军人个性有其特征性,焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪与个性特征间存在密切关系。

Objective To study the personality of armymen and its relationship with anxiety and depression. Method Eight hundred and thirty-three male soldiers were psychologically tested by Eysenek Personality Questionnaire （ EPQ ） , self - rating anxiety scale （ SAS ） and self - rating depression scale （ SDS ）. Results （1） The scores of EPQ - E were significantly lower and the scores of EPQ - 1 were significantly higher in the armymen tested than that of the norm ; the percents of introvert personality , introvert tendency and enlotional unstability tendency of the armymen were significantly higher than those of the norm, and the percent of personality extrovert, extrovert tendency, medium and emotional stability were significantly lower than those of the norm. （2） The scores of SAS and SDS among different temperament trait armymen had significant difference; the sequence of the scores from higher to lower were melancholic , choleric , medium, phlegmatic and sanguine temperaments; the percentage of anxiety and depression of the melancholic temperament armymen was the highest （ 37.8% and 57.0% respectively） , and that of the sanguine temperament arnlynlen was the lowest （ 11.2% and 24.0% respectively ） , that of the other temperament armymen was medial. Conclusion The soldiers have their own characteristic of personality. The negative emotion such as anxiety and depression is intimately related with the personality