慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者生存质量及影响因素的调查分析

Investigation and analysis on the quality of life and influence factors in patients with COPD

目的了解慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease,COPD)患者生存质量,分析影响其生存质量的各种因素,以提供改善COPD患者生存质量的依据,有利于采取更有效的防治措施。方法采用一般情况调查问卷和COPD生存质量(QOL)测评表对COPD患者进行评价,被调查患者对问卷完全理解后填写,然后将调查表收回。结果COPD患者生存质量各方面都有所下降,日常生活能力下降最明显。影响COPD患者生存质量的因素主要是年龄、吸烟量、病情的严重程度、卧床时间、心率等。结论对COPD患者应积极进行卫生宣教,制订康复计划,通过教育使轻症患者对COPD的早期控制加以重视,寻求早期治疗。对重症患者实施健康教育、营养支持、康复锻炼一体化的综合治疗,最终改善COPD患者的生存质量。

Objective To determine the quality of life （QOL） in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） ,and to analyze the influence factors,in order to provide basis for the improvement of COPD patients＇ QOL by taking more effective measures. Method Using the method of questionnaire,the patients with COPD were asked to fill in the Quality of Life Inventory for Patients with COPD. Results The scores showed lower in each factor of QOL in patients with COPD,especially in the factor of ability of living. The main factors affecting QOL were patients＇ age, quantity of smoking, severity of illness, duration of lying in bed, heart rate, and so on. Conclusions In order to improve the COPD patients＇ QOL,it is necessary to provide health education and make rehabilitation project for them. For mild patients, it is important to help them to pay more attention to their early symptoms and seek for treatment early. While for severe patients, comprehensive treatment should be provided, including health education, nutrition support and rehabilitation exercise.