毛泽东与邓小平解放思想观点之比较研究

Similarities and Differences Between Mao Zedong's and Deng Xiaoping's Viewpoint on Emancipating the Mind

毛泽东强调解放思想,主要是针对经济建设中所谓的“右倾保守”,破除对斯大林和苏联经济建设经验模式的迷信,破除对知识分子的迷信,以发动、进行“大跃进”运动。邓小平强调解放思想,主要是针对“两个凡是”和背离党在社会主义初级阶段的基本路线的言行;毛泽东主张通过大鸣、大放、大辩论、大字报,达到解放思想。邓小平主张通过民主和法制的形式,达到解放思想;毛泽东强调解放思想,全国出现了短暂的但对经济发展具有很大破坏性的“大跃进”运动。邓小平强调解放思想,全国出现了持续、健康、快速发展的改革开放局面。他们所倡导的解放思想的前提都是坚持马列主义,目的都是迅速发展生产力,建设中国特色的社会主义。

In order to mobilize and carry on the Great Leap Forward movement, Mao Zedong emphasized the emancipation of mind, that was mainly directed against the so-called right conservation in economic construction, and was to do away witln fetishes for Stalin, Soviet model of economic construction and the intelligentsia. That Deng Xiaoping emphasized the viewpoint was mainly directed against the Two Whatever Theory, the words and deeds of deviating from the Party＇s basic route in the primary stage of socialism. For emancipating the mind, Mao Zedong stood by Da-ming, Da-fang, Da-bian-lun and Da-zi-bao, but Deng Xiaoping stood by democracy and legal system. The viewpoit from Mao Zedong caused the Great Leap Forward movement, which was short duration, but was great destructive for economic development, and that from Deng Xiaoping caused reforming and opening situation in our country, which was lasting, healthy and fast. They all regarded Marxism-Leninism as the preconditions, and they did that to develop productive forces rapidly, and to build socialism with Chinese characteristics.