藏族信仰崇拜中的山神体系及其地域社会象征——以热贡藏区的田野研究为例

The Mount-God Hierarchy Worshipped by the Tibetans and its Geographical Symbol of Society: A Case Study of Regong Tibetan Area of China

山神信仰是藏区社会的一种集体表象,是藏族文化中重要的象征体系。民族志资料表明,体系化建构的山神与社会结构具有紧密的相互映照关系,从山神与社会结构关系的视角去透视山神体系,可以发现守护神信仰体系的不同圈层隐喻的是藏区大小不同的地域社会,所谓藏区四大或九大山神的说法,在一定意义上正是藏区不同区域社会的象征。

Mount-God worship is a collective phenomenon in the Tibetan area and an important symbolic system of Tibetan culture. The ethnological data have proved that the Mount-God as a hierarchy has a close interrelationship with the social structure, and this structure with different rings implies different local societies of the Tibetan area. In a certain sense, the so-called four or nine Mount - Gods of the Tibetan area symbolize different local societies in the Tibetan area.