藏族农村家庭的现状与演变——西藏拉萨郊区农村个案研究

The Status and Changes of the Tibetan Family in the Countryside: A Case Study of the Suburban Countryside of Lasa in Tibet of China

中央第三次西藏工作座谈会的召开和西部大开发的战略实施以来,拉萨市开始了超常规跨越式发展,郊区农民的家庭结构和家庭经济所呈现的适应性改变,反映了国家对农村政策和西藏政策的调整方向。核心家庭的增多和扩大型家庭的减少是西藏农村在社会转型期社会结构发生变化的缩影。人口流动的频繁和外出务工导致的谋生手段的多样化扩大了通婚地域和婚配对象的选择范围。家庭内部职业角色呈现出多样化和兼业化的特征,男性强化了在公共领域的主导作用,妇女在家内私人领域中的重要性更加突出,两性间社会角色的分化进一步扩大。

Since the Third Working Symposium on Tibet＇s Development by CPC Central Committee and the implementation of the strategy for developing west China, Lasa Municipality has experienced big-leap - forward development. The changes of adaptation in the family structure and economy of the suburban farmers reveal the new government policies towards the countryside and Tibet of China. The increasing nuclear families and the decreasing extended families are the epitome of the changed social structure of the Tibetan countryside in the transitional period. The more frequent circulation of the population and the diversity of earning a living though working outside have resulted in a wider selection of the spouse and the area. The inner roles of the family show the traits of diversity both inside and outside the family. The male has strengthened his dominant role in the public affairs while the female has a more important role inside the family, which shows a further division of their social roles.