中国古代慎刑思想研究——兼与20世纪西方慎刑思想比较

A Research on the Cautious Punishment in Chinese ancient times

中国古代法中慎刑思想是其主流思想。它发端于西周的“明德慎罚”思想,汉代又在儒学与阴阳学等影响下进而承继和发展为“德主刑辅”的立法观。延至盛唐进而发展为“德礼为政教之本,刑罚为政教之用”,此后,宋、明、清均承继之,并在慎刑措施上各有建树。中国古代法的慎刑观受经济地理、宗法血缘以及儒、道、佛三教合一的宗教文化等因素的影响,长期存在并持续三千多年之久。中外慎刑思想比较,共性在于刑法中仁爱观、教育观有其通性的一面。故而我国当今刑法改革中可吸收西方举措中人道主义的一定措施。在中国,这种吸收具有传统文化的思想积淀。

In the Chinese ancient times the cautious punishment was its mainstream thought of its legal thoughts. It can trace back to the ＂MING DE SHEN HUA＂ in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the Han Dynasty inherited and developed the legislation view of the ＂MING DE SHEN HUA ＂under the influence of Confucianism and ＂YIN YANG XUE＂ and so on. The cautious punishment of the Chinese ancient times was influenced by the economic geography factor and so on. With comparison of the Chinese and foreign cautious punishment, we can reform our criminal law.