725例HIV感染者流行病学分析和咨询随访

Epidemiological analysis and subsequent consultations about 725 cases infected with HIV

目的通过725例艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者流行病学分析和高危行为咨询随访,了解HIV感染者的传播途径、高危行为和生存现状,为阻断HIV传播和关爱提供依据。方法每年对新发现的HIV感染者建立档案,制订个人健康咨询随访表,每年进行1次咨询随访,了解其健康状况、去向及家属感染状况。结果感染途径静脉吸毒占89.93%,共用针具率为98.47%;性接触感染占6.90%,非婚性行为发生率24.00%;安全套使用率为17.09%。咨询随访3年后2人坚持戒毒,共用针具率下降为56.20%,安全套使用率上升为51.27%。发生相关疾病死亡96人,能入院治疗61人次,平均住院5.3天,能在医院临终12人,出院后1个月内死亡26例。结论中山市HIV感染以静脉吸毒、共用针具为主,同时存在性传播,感染者生活质量低,发生相关疾病逐年增多,就医率低。

Objective To know the transmission mutes, high risk behaviors and survival status by epidemiological analyses of 725 cases infected with HIV and subsequent consultations about high risk behaviors and to provide evidence for cutting off transmission of HIV. Methods Individual files for new infectors of HIV were made and the tables of consultations were followed about individual health statues and family infection statues annually. Results The rate of main transmission route through IDU was 89.93 %, and the needle sharing rate was 98.47 %. The infection rate of sex contact was only 17.09 %. 2 cases sticked to abstaining from drugs in the following three years after consultations. The needle sharing rate decreased to 56.20 % and using condom rate increased to 51.27 % . 96 cases were sick and died because of related disease. Only 61 persans were treated in hospital and average time of hospitalization was 5.3 days. 12 cases died in the hospital and 26 cases died after leaving hospital in one month.Conclusions The main transmission route was IDU and needle sharing, and sex transmission was one of the concurrence risks. The quality of life of infectors were low and they got sick because of increasing related diseases, but only few of them were treated in hospitals. In health education ,attention should be given to practical effects of intervention taken,