人类本能的压抑与张扬——论禁忌的生成及作用

The publication and repression of human instinct ——Taboo's origin and function

禁忌的产生,源于对人类生存本能的压抑与张扬。生存是动物也是人类追求的最基本、最重要的目标,人类的发展史,就是种族生存、繁衍的奋斗史。生存的压力迫使人类追求生理的快乐和满足,张扬本能的需要;但在需求获得满足的同时,人类发现本能是一把双刃剑,如果只想单纯追求当下的快乐,只会导致整个人类的灭亡。在种族灭亡的巨大恐惧中,禁忌作为一种规范保障人类行为的一整套规则,被慎重应用到社会的方方面面,它在制约人类本能的同时,也从长远的角度张扬着它。

taboo originated the publication and repression of human existent instinct. Existence is the fundamental aim of not only the animals but also the human beings. The human history is the history that people worked for the survival and multiplication. And the existent pressure forced human to pursue the physiological satisfaction, but at the same time, human found that instinct was a double-side sword, if someone just want to pursue one self＇s satisfaction, the whole human would be extinct. For the fear of the extinction, human formulated a lot of rules to restrict the human behaviors, which is Taboo, it restricts human instant, but publicize it in a long run.