口腔矫治器治疗老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征临床分析

CLINICAL ANALYSIS ON DENTAL APPLIANCES FOR THE TREATMENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME IN AGED PATIENTS

目的探讨老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（obstructive sleep apnea syndrome，OSAS）安全有效、经济便捷的治疗方法。方法依据中华医学会呼吸病学分会OSAS诊断标准，对24例55～70岁OSAS患者，应用多导睡眠监测仪明确诊断。治疗前后进行标准问卷调查，记录患者症状、体征变化及不良反应，并从中随机选择12例，应用CT扫描观察其配带矫治器前后上气道内径截面积的变化。结果患者在配带矫治器治疗后自觉症状明显减轻。CT扫描观察可见其上气道内径截面积增大，最小值从0．8cm。增加到1．63cm。（P＜0．01），咽上部由（1．05±0．51）cm^2，增加到（1．94±0．55）cm^2（P＜0．01）。结论口腔矫治器是治疗老年OSAS的一种安全有效的方法。

Objective To discuss the treatment of a dental appliance in aged patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome（OSAS）. Methods Based on the diagnoses criterions of OSAS established by the Chinese Society of Respiratory Diseases, 24 cases of OSAS patients aged from 55 to 70 were definitely diagnosed by polysomnograply. Before and after the treatment, these patients were surveyed by standard questionnaires, and the symptoms, the changes of objective signs and the responses were recorded. Twelve cases randomly selected. The change of the upper airway section area before and after dental appliance therapy was observed with CT scanning in the patients. Results When the patients wore the dental appliances, they felt the symptom lightened obviously. With CT scanning, found the upper airway section area in these patients increased. The minimum capacity increased from 0.8 cm^2 to 1.63 cm^2 （ P 〈0.01）. The area of upper pharynx increased from （1.05 ±0.51） cm^2 to （1.94 ±0.55） cm^2 （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Dental appliances can be used to in the treatment of aged OSAS patients in a safe and conservative way.