1Doughty RN,Macmahon S,Sharpe N.Beta-blockers in heart failure:promising or proved[J].J Am Coll Cordiol,1994,23(6):814
2Waagstein F,Bristow MR,Swedberg K,et al.Metoprolol in dilated cardiomyopathy (MDC) trial study group.beneficial effects of metoprolol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy[J].Lancet,1993,342(3):1441
3Packer M,Bristow MR,Cohn JN,et al.Effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure[J].N Eng1 J Med,1996,334(7):1349