婴幼儿哮喘的遗传流行病学调查和分析

Genetic epidemiological analysis and study on infant and young children with asthma.

目的探讨遗传因素在婴幼儿哮喘患病中的作用。方法采用遗传流行病学调查方法,对婴幼儿哮喘先证者(102例)的一、二级亲属进行患病率(q)、危险因素比数比(OR)、遗传度(h2)及二项分布拟合计算。结果先证者一、二级亲属哮喘及过敏性疾病q显著高于对照组(P<0.05,<0.001);用二项分布拟合分析其家族中哮喘患者分布均超过二项分布的概率范围;一、二级亲属哮喘h2分别为86.50±8.79%,68.80±11.97%,其加权平均为80.30±2.25%,一级亲属经吸烟分层分析,重度吸烟组q和h2为最高。结论婴幼儿哮喘有明显家族聚集性,遗传因素起主要作用,符合多基因遗传病,环境因素起协同作用。

Objective： To explore the role of inherent factors in infants and young children with asthma. Methods： We investigated the first - degree and second - degree relatives of 102 probands with asthma. Their asthmatic prevalence rate （ q）, odds ratio of risk factors（ OR）, heritability （h^2） as well as binomial distribution calculation were performed with genetic epidemiologieal method. Results： There were very significant differences between the relatives of probands group and those of control .group in q of asthma and allergic disease（ P 〈 0. 05, 〈 0. 001 ） Also, the distributive scope of family asthma patients of probands proceed the scope of binomieal distribution. The h^2 of the first - degree and second - degree relatives were respectively86. 50 ± 8.79% ,68. 80 ± 11.97% ,Whose average is 80.30 ± 2. 25 %, By the way, the group of severe smoking of the first - degree relatives has the highest q and h^2. Conclusion： Infants and young children with asthma has evident clustering in families. It＇ s a polygenetie inheritance disease in which hereditary factor is the main role and environmental factor has the assistance effect.