浅析奥斯汀的“performatives”发展及对翻译学的影响

On Austin's "performatives" and Its Influence on Translation Studies

作为言语行为的最重要的奠基人之一,奥斯汀(Austin)从最初提出“constatives”与“performatives”的区别到最终放弃两者的区别,并把所有话语(utterances)归入“performatives”。本文在探究这种转变的同时,进一步追溯“performatives”的来源,为“performatives”在国内译法进行正名,概述舍尔(Sear-le)对“performatives”的发展以及罗伯逊(Robinson)利用“performatives”理论在翻译领域的研究。因此,笔者在探讨中发现了该理论的应用价值及其对翻译学的影响。

As one of the most significant founders of Speech Acts, Austin first makes a clear distinction between ＂constatives＂ and ＂performatives＂, but he abruptly spurns his own distinction, and accredits all the utterances to ＂performatives＂. This paper tries to explore the reason of this shift; at the same time, it traces back to the origin of ＂performatives＂, rectifies its corresponding Chinese namings, summarizes its development by Searle and its interdisciplinary study that Robinson makes in the field of translation. So the author finds its applied value and its influnence on translation studies.