灾难医学模式探讨

Discussion on Disaster Medicine Mode

灾难医学作为一般医学理论与灾难救援实践需要和环境特点紧密结合的体系,是医学科学的一个综合性分支,是灾难学与医学相互渗透和交叉融合而产生的新兴交叉学科、边缘学科和综合学科。灾难医学可表述为社会-心理-生物医学模式,即在应对灾难时,要综合考虑:1、社会因素是前提条件,而政府作为整合社会各种力量的国家机构在灾害医疗救援方面往往起着中枢的作用。2、心理因素是重要方面,灾难的发生对社会心理的冲击是巨大的,不仅发生在灾难发生时,而且也会有远期效应。3、生物学因素是基础保障,它构建灾难疾病模型。鉴于灾难对于人类的巨大威胁,探讨灾难医学的模式,将有助于提高应对重大灾难事件的整体能力。

As a comprehensive branch of medicine, disaster medicine which combines common medical theories with requirements of disaster rescue practices and features of environment, is a new chiasm science and synthesis. Therefore, the disaster medicine mode can be described as a society - psychology - biology one. This means that while facing disasters, we should take the following into considerations. Firstly, social factor is prerequisite. As the center of all kinds of social resources, the government will play a central role in succor actions. Secondly, psychological factor is also important. The disaster will affect social psychology not only at the time of disasters but also in the future. The third, biological factor is the basic insurance, it constructs the mode of disasters diseases. Because of the huge threats of disasters to human beings, discussions on disaster medicine mode will improve the overall ability to deal with great disasters.