乾嘉学者的生存状态试析

The Lifeway of Qianjia Scholar

清乾嘉时期,随着朴学思潮的盛行,出现了我国历史上少见的“学者社会”的局面,从皇帝到贫民无不席卷到朴学的大潮之中,因而学者的生存状态是多种多样的,主要包括辞官归隐、布衣终身、亦官亦学、作幕生涯、亦商亦学、作馆等几种主要的方式。而学者的这种多样的生存状态,反过来又促进了“学者社会”的形成与发展。

In Qianjia period, along with the Puxue widely accepted, a＂ scholar society＂—— one seldom seen in our history appeared. From emperor to pouper were all involved in Puxue. So the lifeway of scholars were various, primarily including abdicating to be the anchoret, to be civilian in life, to be official as well as scholar, to be assistant to a high official, to be merchant as well as scholar, to be family educatior etc. The existing of the various living conditions of scholars, turned over to promote the formation and development of the ＂ scholar society＂.