从音韵看汉语方言

The Chinese Dialects: Phonology

本文把汉语方言分为三大区块、七个方言。北区是官话,中区是吴、湘、赣,南区是闽、粤、客。这七大方言界线大体清晰。官话与其他方言的区分标准有十五项；吴湘的区别在声调发展模式；客赣在许多方面近似,但赣语具有较多中区特色；闽语词汇别具色彩；粤语则以阴入两分最为突出。汉语方言的发展历程与罗曼语诸语言的发展历程相当近似。

The Chinese linguistic landscape can be split into three zones, with seven relatively well-defined dialect groups- Mandarin, Wu, Xiang, Gan, Min, Yue, and Hakka. First, a diagnostic list is provided for identifying sinitie languages. Then efforts are focused on defining each of the seven dialeets in a more rigorous manner. For example, Wu and Xiang are different in their tonal developments. The degree of diversity among the Chinese dialects is similar to that found in the Romance family.