大豆杂种一代籽粒产量和营养体优势与组合选择效果的关系

^RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HETEROSIS OF SEED YIELDAND VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF F_1 HYBRIDS AND SELECTION EFFECTIVENEES FOR PROMISING PROGENIES IN SOYBEAN CROSSES

以２０个杂交组合为材料研究了大豆杂种一代籽粒产量、营养体干重及其对双亲表现的杂种优势、籽粒产量优势和营养体优势的比值与后代选择效果的关系。结果指出：Ｆ１代营养体干重及其优势均高或均低的组合后代均表现不良，优良组合一般具有中等营养体重和营养体优势。籽粒产量优势与营养体优势之间存在平衡关系。优良组合的两者比值为１－１．２之间。用籽粒产量、籽粒产量优势、营养体干重、营养体优势、籽粒产量优势与营养体优势的比值结合起来去评价组合优劣，会得到较好的予测效果。

Twenty soybean crosses were useded to study the ralationships between heterosis of seed yield and vegetaive bodyof F1 hybrids, ratio of yield heterosis to vegetative growth heterosis and selection effectivenees for promising progenies. The lower-yield crosses had higher or lower dry weight of vegetative body and vegetative body heterosis. The high-yield crosses generally had intermediate vegetative body weight and vegetative body heterosis. The relationship beween hetero sis of seed yield and that of vegetative growth was relatively under balance. In high-yield cross es, ratio of yield heterosis to vegetative growth heterosis was around 1. 1 ranging from 1. 0 to 1. 2. If seed yield, dry weight of vegetative body and their heterosis, ratio of yield heterosis to vegetative growth heterosis were muitiphasicly useded to evaluate soybean crosses, goodexpectation effectivenees could be obtained.