35kJ高温超导磁储能(SMES)的热输运实验研究

Experimental investigation of heat transport for 35 kJ superconducting magnet energy storage system

研制了中国首台高温超导磁储能直接冷却系统,该系统不使用低温液体(液氦、液氮)。在10-3Pa的真空度下,高温超导磁体线圈由1台单级GM制冷机从室温293 K冷却到19 K,B i2223电流引线由另一台制冷机冷却到77 K以下。整个系统在通140 A直流电流的时候产生了4.5 T的磁场。系统连续运行480 h(20 d),磁体和低温系统各参数动态特性良好。实验研究表明,控制系统的漏热,优化磁体内部导冷结构,有效减少热传导部件的接触界面热阻是制冷机直接冷却高温超导磁体的关键技术。

The first conduction cooled superconducting magnets energy storage（HTS-SMES） magnet system was designed and built without cryogenic liquid （helium or nitrogen） in China. The HTS-SMES superconducting coil has been cooled down from about 293 K to 19 K in vacuum of 10 -3 Pa by a GM cryocooler. The cylindrical Bi2223 oxide current leads were cooled down below 77 K by another cryocooler. This system generates a magnetic field of 4.5 T at the operating current of 140 A. There was nothing wrong with the system which operated for about 480 hours continuously. Experimental research shows that the key technology of a conduction cooled magnet depends on controlling heat leak, reducing interracial thermal resistance and optimizing the conduction cooled structure of the magnet system.