施肥方式对蔬菜大肠杆菌污染的影响

COLIBACILLUS CONTAMINATION LEVELS OF VEGETABLES IN SHANGHAI SUBURBAN AREAS AND INFLUENCE OF MANURING MEASURES ON CONTAMINATION

研究了上海市郊各种蔬菜中指示微生物大肠杆菌（Ｃｏｌｉｆｏｒｍｂａｃｔｅｒｉａ）的污染情况和不同施肥方式对蔬菜中大肠杆菌污染度的影响。结果表明，现场蔬菜中大肠杆菌的污染程度以白菜（青菜）、甘蓝、菠菜、芹菜为最高。盆栽试验表明，蔬菜中总大肠菌群死亡率至第８天时高达９５％，而在土壤中仅达６０％。应用腐熟畜禽粪及化肥，均不导致蔬菜中大肠杆菌含量明显增加，采用粪便污染水追肥时，则引起蔬菜中大肠杆菌污染度的显著升高。

In our microbial investigations and experiments, colibacillus contamination levels of vegetables,time-varying death rates in vegetables or soil and influence of manuring measures on colibacillus contamination degree of vegetables were studied in Shanghai rural areas. The results showed that the highest colibacillus contamination levels of vegetables were detected in the following species: pakchoi, cabbage, spinach and celery. Pot test of some vegetables showed that the TC death rate in vegetable sample raised to 95% On the 8th day from the date of manuring, while the TC death rate in soil only raised to 60% at the same time. Full-fermented manure as well as industrial fertilizer did not cause apparent coilbacillus contamination of vegetables, however, when untreated fecal effluent was used as fertilizer for cultivation, marked colibacillus contamination of vegetables would be always detected.