火灾探测过程模拟研究(英文)

A contribution to the simulation of the process of fire detection

将火灾模型和烟气传感器结合起来模拟传感器对不同火灾情况的反应。将NIST的FDS模型和Duisburg-Essen大学通讯系统学院开发的烟气传感器模型结合了起来。某火灾烟气流动的模拟结果作为适合烟气传感器模型的输入数据。为了模拟烟气传感器,选择了几个必要的参数来描述烟气、传感器和房间的情况。烟气粒径的大小分布是描述烟气的一个重要参数。对影响粒径大小分布的烟气颗粒的凝结做了适当处理。联合模型的模拟结果与开敞式火灾和阴燃火灾的测量值做了比较。模拟了一个散射光感器和一个电离室。测量和模拟结果显示,传感器模拟的重质取决于所燃烧的燃料。

The combination of a fire model and a smoke sensor model to simulate the response of the sensor to different fire situations is presented. The Fire Dynamics Simulator （FDS） of the National Institute of Standards and Technology was combined with a smoke sensor model developed at the Institute of Communication Systems of the University Duisburg-Essen. The simulation results of the smoke development during a fire were converted into input parameters suitable for the smoke sensor model. To simulate a smoke sensor several input parameters are necessary to describe the smoke, the sensor, and its housing. The size distribution of the smoke particles is one important parameter to describe the smoke. Coagulation of the smoke particles that influences the particle size distribution is implemented in the model. Simulation results of the combined model are compared to measurement results of an open flaming fire and a smoldering fire. A scattering light sensor and an ionization chamber were simulated. The results of measurements and simulations show that the quality of the sensor simulation depends on the fuel that is burned.