高钒高速钢与高铬铸铁的滚动磨损性能对比研究

Comparative Investigation to Rolling Wear Properties Between High-Vanadium High-Speed Steel and High-Chromium Cast Iron

以高铬铸铁为参照,在自制的模拟轧辊磨损试验机上研究了高钒高速钢的滚动磨损性能.结果表明:随磨损循环次数的增加,两种材料的磨损量均直线地增加,高钒高速钢的相对耐磨性是高铬铸铁的4倍以上;高铬铸铁中的裂纹主要由于M7C3的严重碎裂而萌生于M7C3的内部,高钒高速钢中的裂纹则主要萌生于VC与基体的界面,并沿VC的表面扩展.高钒高速钢中VC形状好、不易碎裂及基体硬度高是其耐磨性优良的主要原因.

Compared with high-chromium cast iron, the rolling wear properties of high-vanadium high-speed steel（HVHSS） were studied on the self-developed wear testing machine, and the failure mechanism was analyzed via electron microscope. The results show that the worn mass of the two alloys linearly increases with increasing cycles of wear, and the relative wear resistance of HVHSS is 4 times higher than that of high-chromium cast iron. The cracks in high chromium cast iron mainly initiate inside M7 Ca, while the cracks in HVHSS mainly initiate at the boundary of VC/matrix and propagate along the surface of VC. The excellent wear resistance of HVHSS is primarily caused by the good morphology and resisting crush capacity of VC, and the high matrix hardness as well.