高能量密度叠氮硝胺添加剂

Synthesis and Characteristics of High Energy Density Azidonitramine Additives

通过对硝仿系硝胺进行结构改性，往其中引入一个叠氮甲基，以代替三硝基甲基中的一个硝基，合成了三个新的带偕二硝基的叠氮硝胺，它们具有密度大（１．７—１．８ｇ／ｃｍ３）、氮含量高（质量分数约４０％）、氧平衡较好（质量分数－２３％—－３５％）、标准摩尔生成焓高（约５００ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ）及热安定性较好（热分解温度接近或高于２００℃）等特点，可望作为高能量密度材料的含能添加剂．

Based on the modification of molecular structure of nitroform nitramines, one azidomethyl group was introduced into the molecule to replace one nitro group of nitroform nitramines, and three novel high energy density gemdinitro azidonitramines were synthesized, identified and characterized. The obtained azidonitramines possess the following advantages: very high density (1.7 ￣1.8g/cm3), high nitrogen content (ca.40%), satisfactory oxygen balance (-23%￣-35%), high positive enthalpy of formation (ca. +500kJ/mol), and acceptable thermal stability (thermal decompositiontemerature ca. 200℃). They may find applications in high energy density materials as additives.