喀斯特地貌地表空间结构分类及特征─——以贵州普定县后寨地区为例

CLASSIFICATION AND CHARACTERS OF KARST SURFACE SPATIAL STRUCTURE IN PUDING GUIZHOU

以贵州普定后寨地下河流域为样区，选取１２种反映形态特征和水文特征的空间要素，以最小地貌单元为基准，用模糊聚类法进行分类，再据地貌类型的各类要素划分数量界限进行类型判定。并就各类中要素间进行线性和非线性回归分析。结果标明样区内的地貌空间结构可划分为８种类型。同时还表现出从峰林漏斗向峰林盆地演化的过程，目前因受基面的控制局部地区处于复活幼年——青年期。

In this parper, the Karst landform structure in Houzhai Region is discussed based on studics of ncarly 1000 data from 12 indexes of 80 basic units. The results of fuzzy cluster analysis show that the Karst landform structure in this region can be classified into 8 types: Fenglin basin, Fenglin clay platform, revived Fenglin basin, Fenglin doline, Fenglin doline deprcssion, old fenglin doline depression, Fenglin (or fengcony) valley, Fenglin depression. It is found that the landform evolution has a tendency from Fenglin doline to fenglin basin. The Karst landforms in Gaozita, Yangpizhai, Huangtupo and Kanshaopo areas are now in elder stage of landform evolution. However, they are now in Childish or Youth stage in the other areas of this region due to the rising of the crust. In tcrms of analysis of relations between various indexies and In the course of the Karst landform positive evolutiion, we have noticed the following points:①The increment of unit area is a vertical erosion changing into lateral ersion, and some units are mcrge into one. ②The height above sea level of depression ground is under the control of the Karst erosion table. ③The karst landform structure has two layers. Activity of the up layer is relatively stablc. Howcver, the low layer is active on account of the Karst erosion table changing.