反相悬浮聚合法合成可生物降解海藻酸钠高吸水性树脂

Synthesis of Biodegradable Sodium Alginate Super Absorbent by Inverse Suspension Copolymerization

以丙烯酸(AA)和海藻酸钠(SA)为原料,用反相悬浮聚合法合成了聚丙烯酸钠/海藻酸钠高吸水性树脂。研究了海藻酸钠、引发剂(KPS)和交联剂(NMBA)用量、丙烯酸中和度、聚合反应温度等因素对树脂吸水率的影响以及树脂的生物降解性能。结果表明,当w(SA)=1.5%、w(KPS)=0.15%、w(NMBA)=0.1%、丙烯酸中和度为65%、聚合反应温度为75℃时,树脂对蒸馏水的吸水率为845 g/g,对生理盐水的吸水率为88 g/g,且能被土壤和微生物降解,w(SA)=10%的树脂在60 d内能够被芽苞杆菌降解52%,在土壤中能被降解36%,且降解速度随海藻酸钠质量分数的增加而加快。IR测定表明,树脂为丙烯酸盐与海藻酸钠的接枝共聚物。SEM测定表明,PAA/SA高吸水性树脂呈花瓣结构。

Poly （ sodium acrylate） / （ sodium alginate） super absorbent resin was synthesized by inverse suspension copolymerization using partially neutralized acrylic acid （ AA ） and sodium alginate （ SA ）. The influences of sodium alginate, crosslinking agent （ NMBA）, initiator （ KPS）, neutralization degree of AA and copolymerization temperature on absorbency and biodegradability of the resin were studied. The resuhs showed that when w （ SA ） = 1.5%, w （ KPS ） = 0. 15%, w （ NMBA ） = 0. 1%, neutralization degree of AA is 65%, and reaction temperature is 75 ℃, the absorbency of the resin is 845 g/g for distilled water or 88 g/g for normal saline, and can be degraded by soil and microbes. The degradation rate of the resin [w（SA） = 10% 3 is 52% by spore bacilus or 36% in soil within 60 days,and the degradation rate speeds up with the increase of W（SA）. IR indicated that the resin is graft copolymer of acrylic acid with sodium alginate. SEM showed that the structure of the resin is like flower petals.