ENSO循环的数值模拟──Ⅰ：水平结构演变

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE ENSO CYCLE──Ⅰ: EVOLUTION OF HORIZONTAL STRUCTURES

利用发展的包含海洋表面边界展和大气辐合反馈过程的热带太平洋海气耦合距平模式，对ＥＮＳＯ循环进行了模拟。通过３０ａ积分，用合模式所展示的热带太平洋海气耦合系统的ＥＮＳＯ循环的水平结构演变特征和观测事实甚为一致，成功地模拟出了ＥＮＳＯ循环的冷暖态的发生发展、衰亡及相互转换等各个位相的动力和热力场的水平结构及其对季节循环的依赖性特征。本文数值模拟结果表明，ＥＮＳＯ循环的主要动力学过程可由热带海气相互作用系统自身所确定。ＥＮＳＯ循环的正确模拟是揭示其形成机制的前提。

tropical Pacific coupled ocean-atmosphere anomaly model with an oceanic boundary layer and an atmospheric convergence feedback process has been developed in this paper. By using the model, the ENSO cycle has been successfully simulated after an integration of 30 years. The simulated horizontal structures of both the dynamical fields and the thermodynamic fileds during each phase of the model ENSO cycle. including the initiation. deviopment, duration and the recurrency of the warm and/or cold states and their association with the seasonal cycle, are in well consistency with those from the observatios. The results from this model study indicate that the essential dynamics of the ENSO cycle can be determined by the tropical Pacific coupled ocean-atmosphere system itself. The proper simulation of the ENSO cycle by the coupled model would provide an essential basis for further understanding the formation mechanism responsible for the ENSO cycle.