杜仲高产胶优良无性系的选育

Selection of High-yielding Gutta-percha Clones Associated with Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

以杜仲果实为研究对象，采用随机区组设计，对杜仲无性系成枝力、单枝结果数、果实含胶率和单株产果量等进行了系统分析．结果表明：不同无性系每年的单枝结果数的差异显著性都达到了极显著水平；连续2年单枝结果数及其变佰比较结果，9503、9516、9501、9532、9505、9526等无性系具有比较稳定的结果性能；不同无性系闯历年单株产果量存在极显著差异；对不同无性系单株历年产果量、历年总产果量以及结果稳定性等进行综合比较，9503、9516、9532、9526等4个无性系为高产胶优良无性系．在进行杜仲高产胶优良无性系选择时，可以将连续2年单枝结果数和单株产果量的平均值作为选择指标；利用3～4年单枝结果数和单株产果量的平均值作为高产胶优良无性系早期选择的标准．

Randomed block design was applied to a study of the samaras and to a systematic analysis of twig formation, fructification on single twig and on individual tree as well as gutta-percha content in samara of clones associated with Eucommia ulmoides Oily. The results show that the annual fructification on single twig differed significantly among different clones. Comparison of every two-year＇s fructification of single twig and its change indicate that clones of 9503, 9516, 9501, 9532, 9505 and 9526 had a stable capacity of fructification. On the other hand, the yield from an individual tree of different clones differed significantly from variable years. Four clones of 9503, 9516, 9532 and 9526 were confirmed to be high-yielding super clones through integrated comparison of many years＇ yields from individual trees and their stability of fructifications. For high-yielding new clone selections, the every two-year fructification from a single twig and from the individual tree could be used as an selection index. The average yield of every 3- 4 a from a single twig and from an individual could also be employed as an index for early stage selection of new clones.