战略管理新趋势:基于商业生态系统的竞争战略

New Development in Strategic Management: Competitive Strategy Based on the Business Ecosystems

以网络经济、知识经济、全球化竞争为特征的当今世界,企业环境的动态不确定性日益增强。在此背景下,以“商业生态系统”思考方式来应对环境动态的战略管理理论,正在拓展和超越传统的竞争战略分析框架。本文通过对竞争环境和传统竞争战略分析框架的回顾,在已有商业生态系统竞争研究基础上,提出了基于商业生态系统的竞争战略分析框架。该分析框架围绕价值理念、关键驱动因素形成商业生态系统,通过价值创造、价值分享机制,吸引支持驱动因素、辅助驱动因素来巩固生态系统,并不断审视环境变化和关注价值理念与关键驱动因素变动,以重组或重构商业生态系统来创造持续的竞争优势。最后本文用SONY公司和JVC公司商业生态系统竞争的案例对此框架进行了说明。

With the development of Internet Economy, Knowledge - based Economy and global competition, dynamic uncertain environment become the basic background of discussing and analyzing national/regional/corporation competitive strategy. Strategic management is concerning with how to reduce the risk in a dynamic market, how and when to match the decision - making with chance - windows？ How to quickly seize the opportunity and change the competitive situation？ And whether or not there is a general framework for references when it meets the dynamic uncertain competition？ Based on analyzing traditional framework of competitive strategy and present business ecosystems studies, this paper puts forward a general framework of analyzing competitive strategy in dynamic infinite competitive environment. Identifying value notion and key driven factor is the core of the new model and it is also the condition to form a business ecosystems. Successful business ecosystem depends on mechanism of value - creating and value - shared and encouraging support driven factor and assistant driven factors entry. The hardcore firms of the system s have to regroup and rebuild the members according to value notion change and key driven factor shift. Finally, this paper illuminates the framework by a ease of Sony and JVC competition in U.S. video tape recorder market.