砷矿尾砂污染及其治理研究

Study on pollution and remediation of arsenic minerals tailings

调查了广东省连南瑶族自治县寨岗铁屎坪土法炼砷废墟及其周边砷污染状况。发现渗流水含砷高达43.72 mg/L,渗流水随雨水沿山坡、溪流流入下游,对周边的水体、土壤、农作物等造成严重污染。同时发现全缘凤尾蕨、龙船蕨、野苎麻、白芒草和接骨草是耐砷植物。模拟试验证实在炼砷废墟和高砷尾砂上种植这些植物可减少砷的迁移,且不致引起二次污染。1998年对铁屎坪土法炼砷废墟进行治理,经一年多跟踪观察,周边水体中砷含量从原来的约0.048 mg/L下降到0.001 06 mg/L。结果表明用植被治理尾砂的砷污染是一种价廉、有效的方法。

The arsenic pollution was investigated for arsenic--smelting ruins and around it at Zhaigang Tieshiping in Liannan autonomous county of Guangdong. The content of arsenic reached 43.72 mg/L in water seeping from ruins. The water seeping with rainwater along brae and rivulet flowed downriver, the severe pollution came into being for water, soil and crops etc. Pteris insignis Mett Kuhn , Boehmearia mivea , Mscanthus sinensis and Blechnum Orientale Linn were found to grow well in the arsenic-rich soil. The simulating test showed that plant above were grown in the arsenic--smelting ruins and arsenic-rich railings can reduce the migration of arsenic and avoid the second pollution for environment. On these grounds, measures to remedy arsenic pollution were put forward and used to remediation arsenic-smelting ruins mentioned-above in 1998. After a year traced and observed, the content of arsenic around falls from 0. 048 mg/L to 0. 001 06 mg/L, the measures were very effective and cheap used as experirence of remediation arsenic pollution.