驾驶员的驾驶特性对交通流的影响

The Effect of Drivers Characteristic on Vehicular Traffic Flow

在单车道元胞自动机交通流N S模型基础上,通过引入不同的刹车概率来反映不同驾驶员的驾驶特性,并在周期边界条件下,对由激进驾驶车辆和谨慎驾驶车辆构成的混合交通流进行模拟.结果表明,在有谨慎驾驶车辆构成的交通流的临界密度以前,混合交通流的流量完全由谨慎驾驶员的特性决定;在谨慎驾驶车辆交通流临界密度以后,混合交通流的流量介于只有激进驾驶车辆和只有谨慎驾驶车辆的流量之间,小于完全是谨慎驾驶车辆流量和完全是激进驾驶车辆流量的线性之和;激进驾驶车辆和谨慎驾驶车辆的混合比例及它们的刹车概率对混合交通流的临界密度和流量有很大的影响.

We consider the driving characters by introducing different deceleration probability for different type of drivers in NS cellular automata model for single lane vehicle traffic flow and under the periodical boundary condition we study the properties of the mixed traffic flow which is composed of aggressive drivers and careful drivers by computer simulation. The results indicate that mixed traffic flow is totally determined by the properties of careful drivers＇ vehicle before critical density of careful drivers＇ vehicle traffic flow, after the critical density of vehicular flow, the mixed traffic flow lies between entirely aggressive drivers＇flow and entirely careful drivers＇ flow and is smaller than the linear sum of their traffic flow. The proportion of aggressive drivers amount and careful drivers amount and their deceleration probability have a strong influence on the critical density and the traffic flow greatly.