美国城乡教育机会均等与“农村教育成就项目”

Equality of Opportunity of Education and REAP in the US

长期以来,美国农村地区的公立学校面临着严峻的挑战。由于产业增长迟缓、少数民族集中、人口居住分散和政府顾及不足,致使美国农村社区贫困严重、财税资源匮乏,教育规模偏小、教育人力短缺,学校竞争联邦教育拨款乏力,所获公式拨款数额较小,不能有效地满足这些学区教育发展的实际需求。针对这种情况,联邦政府出台了“农村教育成就项目,”以期改善农村学区教育教学条件,提高学生的学业成绩,保障农村教育机会的平等。

For a long time,the public schools in rural America are facing unique challenges. Because of the slow economic development,rising minority groups,dispersal of residents and lack of governments＇ concern,the rural school districts lack of resources and personal needed to compete effectively for federal competitive grants,receiving formula grant allocations in amounts too small to be effective in meeting their intended purposes. It is the purpose of this program to address the unique needs of rural school districts. REAP is to provide significantly the equality of opportunity in education and thereby improve the academic achievements of the rural school students by federal grants.