从思辨到革命——马克思对黑格尔辩证法的颠倒

From Speculation to Revolution: Marx's Inversion of Hegel's Dialectic

马克思把黑格尔的精神自我实现的辩证法颠倒为人的自我实现的辩证法,把承认的辩证法颠倒为创造的辩证法,其表层逻辑是从精神到人的颠倒,深层逻辑却是把基督教的爱的和解通过犹太教精神的中介颠倒为普罗米修斯主义的创造性的自我实现。之所以要进行这种颠倒与马克思坚定的无产阶级立场密切相关,其背后则有马克思作为一个犹太人的文化背景在起作用。

Marx＇s inversion of Hegel＇s dialectic is an important and real problem, but it hasn＇t been dissolved well. It is high time to put forward and dissolve it to acquire a stable base for the research on Marxist dialectic. This paper is an attempt to dissolve it： Marx replaced Hegel＇s dialectic of spirit＇s self-realization with that of man＇s self-realization and replaced dialectic of acknowledge with that of creation. The outer logic of the inversion is replacing spirit with man. The inner is replacing the reconciliation acquired through love in Christianity with Promethean creative self-realization through the medium of the sprit of Judaism. The given inversion maintains close links with his stand of the proletariat and his cultural background as a Jew.