两种“公地悲剧”的比较与我国国有企业产权调整

The Comparison between Two Kinds of the Tragedy of the Commons and the Adjustment of Property Right of State-owned Enterprises in China

对比两种“公地悲剧”的产权结构、成因和解决方式,可以发现产权结构调整与资源配置效率相适应是一个不断的试错过程,有效的产权制度必然促使成本与收益向行为者集中。产权结构调整与产权束调整是产权制度创新的主要方式。无论何种方式的产权制度变革都需遵循一定的规则,其调整的目的是降低交易成本、提高产权效率、增加产权主体收益。

This essay analyzes the structure of the property right, cause and resolution method of the two kinds of tragedies of the commons. The conclusion of this essay is that the adjustment of the structures of property rights to the efficiency is often the process of Correction of the error. The efficient adjustments of property rights inevitably focus the cost and benefit on the behaviors. There are two kinds of adjustment of property rights： the adjustment of structure of property rights and the adjustment of the series of property rights. The adjustment of property rights of state-owned enterprise and private-owned enterprise should comply with the principle of adjustment of property rights. The goal of adjustment of propertv rights is to decrease the cost of transaction, to raise the efficiency of property rights and the benefits of the Subject of property rights.