上海市流动人员疟疾血清流行病学调查

Sero-epidemiological survey of malaria in mobile population in Shanghai

目的了解外来流动人员的疟疾抗体水平和相关影响因素,进而提出针对性防治措施。方法以居住在上海市浦东、闽行2区6个镇的外来流动人员为调查对象,开展问卷调查和血清学调查,以本地户籍居民为对照。结果共调查流动人员2732人,IFA阳性率为3．81％,按来源地流行状况分组显示,各组间疟疾IFA阳性率差异有显著性,其中来自高疟区IFA阳性率为8．10％,明显高于其它发病组(发病率<1／万)；显示IFA阳性率与当地上报发病率基本一致。上海市本地居民IFA阳性率为1．36％与外来流动人口阳性率间差异有非常显著性；外来流动人员中阳性者主要集中在17～54岁和小学、初中学历且来沪居住时间短于5年人群。结论来自较高疟区的流动人员输入可能对低疟区的流行带来潜在威胁,应加强对外来流动人员的疟疾监测。

Objective To investigate the antibody level of malaria and relative features in mobile population from other provinces, and to put forward the preventive measures to control the malaria in mobile population. Methods The epidemiological survey by both immunofluoreseent assay （IFA） and interview were conducted among mobile people in 6 townships of Pudong and Minghang districts of Shanghai. And the same methods were performed in local residents of those townships as the control groups. Results A total of 2 732 mobile people were detected by IFA, with 3.81% of the positive, The IFA positive rates of mobile population are significantly different among groups classified by prevalenees of their original residential provinces, it is indicated that there are consistent between IFA positive rate and reported prevalence rate of their residential provinces. The positive rate of IFA in those people from hyper - epidemic areas was 8.10% which significant higher than other groups with lower prevalence rates. There was also significantly difference in IFA positive rate between the groups with over than 0.1%. and lower than 0.001%. of prevalence rates. It is indicated that there are consistent between IFA positive rate and reported prevalence rate. But the IFA positive rate in local residents was 1.36% which was significant lower than that in mobile population. The positives in IFA of mobile people was mainly distributed in population of 17 - 54 ages, with primary and middle school education background, and those population staying in Shanghai not longer than 5 years. Conelusion There is a higher potential risk when mobile population moved from hyper- epidemic areas into lower epidemic areas, and it is necessary to strengthen the malaria surveillance in mobile population.