“别人”与“别个”考察

A study on"Bieren " and "Biege"

"别人"与"别个"在汉语词汇史上是两个很重要的词。通过实例证实表"另外之人"意义的"别人"在隋时已经出现,在中唐后成为习语,经宋元明清沿用至今,现在发展为专门的人称代词;"别个"一开始是以"另外之人"意义在宋代开始使用,元明代"别个"发展到不仅有表其他的人之义,还有表指其它事物、其它方面之义。"别人"只用作旁指人的指示代词,而"别个"除此外,还可用于旁指事物的指示代词,它们在语法功能上没有表现差异,都能作主语、宾语、定语、同位语等。

＂Bieren ＂ and ＂Biege＂are the two important words in the history of Chinese lexicon . Based on concrete instances, this paper discussed that ＂Bieren ＂ meaning ＂the other people＂ appeared in the Sui Dynasty and became a common words in the Middle -Tang Dynasty and developed special personal pronouns from Song -Yuan-Ming Dynasties later on; ＂Biege＂ meaning ＂the other people＂ encerged in the Song Dynasty firstly and expanded not only as ＂the other people＂but also ＂the other object or field＂ in Yuan-Ming Dynasties. And the paper also discusses that ＂Bieren ＂is only used as a demonstrative personal pronoun. Besides, it＂Biege＂ as an other-pointed demonstrative object pronoun . They have no difference on grammatical can be used as active subjects, objects, attributives or oppositives.