美国拒绝批准联合国《儿童权利公约》原因探析

Reasons for American Refusal to Ratify CRC

多年来,美国一直拒绝批准联合国《儿童权利公约》(CRC),人们认为这反映了美国的虚伪和霸道,因而为世人所指责。事实上,导致美国这一行为的主要原因在于CRC与美国例外论的政治传统、联邦主义的法律体系和美国传统家庭理念存在冲突。同时,CRC内在的权利冲突问题,基督教右派在具体的政治运作中的坚决反对和有效动员,也是导致CRC未能适用于美国的重要原因。因此,美国拒绝批准CRC与其虚伪和霸道并无直接关系。

The U.S. has been denounced for several years for refusing to ratify the Convention on the Rights of the Child （CRC）. This paper proposes that the reasons for the U. S. ＇ S refusing to ratify the CRC lie in the conflicts among CRC and the political tradition of American exceptionalism, federal law system, and traditional family ideas of U. S.. At the same time, the fights conflicts of CRC in itself, Christian right＇s unfaltering opposition and effective mobilization in political operation are also important reasons for American attitude towards CRC. U.S. should not be criticized for the matter.