气传致敏花粉飘散与气象七要素的相关性

Correlation between airborne pollen dispersal and seven weather factors

目的:探明南昌市城区大气气传花粉的种类、数量、季节消长规律及其飘散与气象七要素(气压、气温、湿度、降水、风速、蒸发量、日照)的相关性,为提高该地区过敏性疾病的防治水平提供理论依据。方法:于2000-04-01/2001-03-31采用Durham重量法进行为期1年的大气气传花粉调查。①气传花粉收集与鉴定:选择南昌市中心的江西医学院南院实验大楼四层楼顶(高约15m,四周开阔,30m内无高层建筑及高大树木)为曝片点,设置曝片架。采用Durham重量法进行花粉调查。记录当天天气情况。②气象资料的收集:每日曝片同时记录当日天气情况(收听早上天气预报节目)。气象七要素的详细资料由江西省气象局提供。应用SAS6.12进行多元线性逐步回归分析其与气象因素的相关性。结果:在大气气传花粉飘散与气象七要素相关性分析中,应用几种主要花粉飘散稳定期的花粉计数与气象七要素作多元线性逐步回归分析。松科花粉飘散与气压、气温、风速、日照呈正相关,与蒸发量、降水呈负相关,与湿度无关;柏科花粉飘散与气压、气温、日照呈正相关,与湿度、降水、蒸发量、风速呈负相关;豚草属花粉飘散与气压、气温、风速呈正相关,与湿度、降水、蒸发量、日照呈负相关;蒿属花粉飘散与气压、气温、风速呈正相关,与湿度、降水、蒸发量、日照呈负相关;禾本科花粉飘散与气压、气温呈正相关,与湿度、降水、蒸发量呈负相关,与风速、日照无关。但以主要花粉及花粉总量的全年计数进行分析和以主要花粉及花粉总量的半年计数量进行分析时纳入回归方程的因素要少得多。结论:花粉飘散与气象七要素密切相关;在分析气象因素与空中飘散花粉粒数的相关性时,最好选择单种花粉粒,并选择其飘散较为稳定的时段进行。

AIM： To explore the species, counts, seasonal variation and dispersal of airborne pollen in Nanchang and its correlation with the seven weather factors （air pressure, air temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, evaporation mete and sunlight）. METHODS： The survey was conducted with Durham gravity method between April 1^st 2000 and March 31^st 2001.②The selection and evaluation of airborne pollen： The top of the 4^th experimental building （with the height of 15 m, open all around and no high building and tall trees were found in 30 m） in the southern yard of Jiangxi Medical College located in the center of Nanchang was taken as exposed point. The exposed support was also set up. The pollen was surveyed by Durham gravity method and the weather status of that day was recorded.②The collection of weather data： The exposure was performed every day and the weather status of that day was recorded （according to the weather forecast in the morning）. The detailed information of the seven factors were provided by the Weather Bureau of Jiangxi Province. The correlation between weather factors and airborne pollen was studied with the multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis by SAS （6.12）. RESULTS： The pollen counts of several pollens in dispersalling stable period and seven weather factors were used to perform the multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis. The positive correlation was found between pinaceae and air pressure, air temperature, wind speed, sunlight; Cupressaceae and air pressure, air temperature, sunlight; Ambrosia and air pressure, air temperature, wind speed; Artemisia and air pressure, air temperature, wind speed; Gramineae and air pressure, temperature, respectively. The negative correlation was found between pinaceae and precipitation, evaporation mete; Cupressaceae and humidity, precipitation, wind speed, evaporation mete; Ambrosia and humidity, precipitation, evaporation mete, sunlight; Artemisia and humidity, precipitation, evaporation mete, sunlight; Gramineae and humidity, precipitation, evaporation mete, respectively. There was no correlation between pinaceae and humidity; Gramineae and sunlight, wind speed. However, when using summation of various pollens and total count of pollen in a year or half a year to analyze the relativity, the correlated factors were much fewer than that mentioned above. CONCLUSION： The airbeme pollen dispersal is closely related with the seven weather factors; it is better to use single pollen grain in the stable dispersal period to analyze the relativity.