女性意识的萌芽与失落——再析安娜·卡列尼娜的悲剧成因

The Seed and Lose of Woman's Self-consciousness——A Study on Anna Kapenina's Tragedy

从女性文学的角度看,《安娜.卡列尼娜》探讨了女性意识与女性角色的既对立又依存的关系。女性角色是社会习俗决定的,是附属于男性的,女性意识必须经由女性角色产生。安娜借助于伏伦斯基的爱情,重新认识了自我和周围的一切,她的女性意识开始萌发。由于男性与女性在社会上的不平等地位,安娜与伏伦斯基缺少真正的对话,使得安娜无法协调自己矛盾的双重身份被迫自杀,这造成了女性意识的失落。托尔斯泰写作的目的不是为了提高女性地位,而是寻找社会和谐稳定的方式,所以,他从“爱的宗教”出发安排主人公的悲剧命运。

From the perspective of feminism, Anna Kapenina discovered the antagonistic and interdependent relations between woman＇s self- consciousness and her gender identity. Woman＇s self-consciousness was suppressed by her gender identity. The love between Anna and Wronski made them into a difficult position, while Anna＇ s self- consciousness was spouted from the love. Tolstoy advocated a religion of love. Once people love each other, both the family and the society are steady. He thought that either man or woman should have a spirit of self-sacrifice. This is a kind of philanthropy much different from Christianity. Anna Kapenina＇ s love was short of this spirit, so she was given a tragic destiny.