金银花等复方草药对牙鲆生长、消化和免疫能力的影响

Effects of Chinese herb additives on growth,digestive activity and non-specific immunity in flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

将大(394.5～401.8g)、中(283.8～324.3g)、小(94.5～112.3g)3种规格的牙鲆(Paralichthysolivaceus)放养在8个10.0m×10.0m×0.8m水泥池中,投喂含金银花、人参和山楂等中草药的饲料。经28d、56d和83d的饲养表明,摄食含中草药饲料的大、中、小规格鱼的瞬时增重率分别比对照组提高22.4%、18.9%和2.9%(P<0.05);饲料系数分别下降20.77%、4.26%～39.42%和12.14%,饲料转化效率提高3.0%～36.4%、23.53%和11.1%(P<0.05);胃和肠蛋白酶活性分别显著地提高11.66%、13.49%、9.13%和11.3%、16.64%、8.55%(P<0.05);胃和肠淀粉酶活性分别提高2.63%、3.77%、2.31%和6.5%、14.47%、5.54%,但差异不显著(P>0.05);血清溶菌酶和总蛋白含量分别提高12.43%、15.38%～17.31%、14.43%～17.56%和7.07%、5.28%～11.54%和7.82%～8.75%,但各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);血清SOD活力显著提高9.53%、9.09%和15.14%(P<0.05)。

Large（394.5 - 401.8 g）, middle（283.8 - 324.3 g）and small（94.5- 112.3 g） flounder（ Paralichthys olivaceus ）juveniles were stocked into 8 tanks of each 10.0 m × 10.0 m ×0.8 m and fed the diets containing Chinese herbs including Lonicera japonica Thumb, ginseng root, and hawthorn at a water temperatures of 16 - 22℃ for 28,56 and 83 days, respectively. The results showed that the large, middle and small fish fed the diet containing Chinese herbs had significantly 22.4 %, 18.9 % and 2.9 % （ P 〈 0.05） higher specific growth rate, 3.0% - 36.4% ,23.53% and 11 . 1% （ P 〈 0.05） higher feed conversion efficiency and 20.77 % , 4.26 % - 39.42 % and 12. 14 % lower feed conversion ratios than the control fish, respectively. There were 11.66% , 13.49% and 9. 13% higher pepsin activities in the stomach and 11.3%, 16.64% and 8.55% higher proteinase activities（ P 〈 0.05） in the intestines in the large, middle and small fish fed the diets containing Chinese herbs than those in the same size fish in the control, respectively. For the amylase activities, however, there were no significant differences among the treatment groups（ P 〉 0.05）. The superoxide dismutase （SOD）activities were 9.53%, 9.09% and 15.14% （ P 〈 0.05） higher in the large, middle and small fish fed the diet containing Chinese herbs than those in the same size fish in the control, respectively, while the lysozyme activity and total protein contents were found not significantly different in the serum among the experimental groups.