γ干扰素防治兔实验性后囊混浊的作用

An experimental study of preventing posterior capsule opacification with interferon-γ in rabbit eyes

目的:探讨γ干扰素对兔后囊混浊发生的防治作用。方法:将30只新西兰白兔60眼随机分为A、B和C三组,三组均行兔晶状体囊外摘除术,A组为对照组,术中晶状体囊袋内灌注BSS;B和C组为治疗组,术中晶状体囊袋内分别灌注106U/L、107U/Lγ干扰素。术后观察晶状体后囊膜变化。3mo后取角膜行光镜、扫描电镜观察角膜内皮变化及晶状体后囊膜铺片HE染色统计晶状体上皮细胞(LEC)的密度,并行免疫组化染色真彩色医学图象分析系统检测增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)表达积分光密度(IOD)。结果:①3mo后临床观察可见,B组、C组的后囊混浊(PCO)发生率较A组明显减少(P<0.05),C组较B组的发生率少(P<0.05)。统计学分析均有显著性差异。②B组(2972.11±156.47)、C组(2775.23±154.01)后囊膜LEC密度较A组(3297.53±105.60)小,且C组的LEC密度<B组,统计学分析均有显著性差异(P<0.05);免疫组化行PCNA检查可见:A组PCNA表达强阳性(IOD:5.49±0.72),B组呈阴性和部分弱阳性表达(IOD:4.94±0.69),而C组呈PCNA阳性表达较B组更少(IOD:4.38±0.63),测积分光密度并进行统计学分析均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。③扫描电镜下显示B组、C组角膜内皮形态正常多呈六边形规则排列,细胞间连接紧密,与A组相比无异常发现。结论:①在活体兔中,IFN-γ有抑制兔LEC增殖的作用,可延缓和防止PCO的形成。②IFN-γ对LEC的抑制作用具有浓度依赖性。③106U/L、107U/LIFN-γ对角膜内皮细胞未见有明显的毒副作用。

AIM： To evaluate the effect of interferon-γ （IFN-γ） on preventing posterior capsule opacification （PCO）. METHODS： Sixty eyes of thirty rabbits were divided randomly into three groups, group A served as a control group, in which capsular bag was irrigated only with Balanced Salt Solution （BSS） during extracapsular lens extraction. For group B and C, the treatment groups, IFN-γ （10^6U/L and 10^7U/L） were irrigated into the capsular bag during operation. Three months after intervention PCO was graded clinically. Furthermore, proliferation of lens epithelial cells was evaluated histologically. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） and their expression of LEC were identified through immunohistochemical staining, and the integral optical density （IOD） of PCNA was measured through computer image analysis system. RESULTS： On clinical assessment, 10^6U/L and 10^7U/L IFN-γ were significantly effective on preventing PCO compared with controls （P〈0.05）. On histological analysis, there was significantly reduced proliferative activity on posterior capsules in the treatment groups, compared with cells in the control group （P〈0.05）. The IODs of PCNA expression of the treatment groups were inferior to that of the control group （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： The experiment showed that IFN-y （10^6U/L and 10^7U/L） can significantly prevent the development of PCO in rabbit eyes. The prevention of IFN-γ on PCO is possessed of concentration-dependent. The toxicity of IFN-γ to the corneal endothelial cells is not observed after using IFN-γ .