杨梅腐烂病病原菌鉴定及杀菌剂筛选

Identification of Fungal Pathogen of Stem Rot of Bayberry (Myrica rubra) and Screening of Fungicides

杨梅腐烂病是湖南省杨梅的主要病害之一,该病主要危害杨梅主干分枝处,引起干腐和枝枯。经鉴定,杨梅腐烂病菌为核果壳囊孢菌(Cytospora leucostoma)。室内药剂试验结果表明:抑制该菌菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发效果较好的杀菌剂是扑菌特、甲基硫菌灵、多菌灵、退菌特、炭必灵和波尔多液;红杀和湘研植病灵抑制菌丝生长效果较好,但抑制孢子萌发的效果较差;石硫合剂、新万生、疫霜锰锌和敌克松抑制孢子萌发的效果较好,而抑菌丝生长效果较差。

Stem rot was a severe diseases of bayberry（Myrica rubra） in Hunan Province, infected in the branch and stem, and caused them rot. It was identified that Cytospora leucostoma was the pathogen of bayberry stem rot. The results in vitro of fungicide screening studies were as follows ： thiophanate-methyl thiram, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim, tuzet, tanbiling and bordeaux mixtures completely inhibited mycelial growth and conidial spore germination of C. leucostoma; Xiangyanzhibingling and hongsha caused complete inhibition mycelial growth, but could not inhibit spore germination ; Fosetyl-aluminium, maneozeb, dacoden and lime sulphur could inhibit spore germination , but could not inhibit mycelial growth.