碳捕获和存储技术综述及对我国的影响

The Summary of Carbon Capture and Storage Technology and Its Impact on China

近十多年来,气候变化问题已被列为全球环境问题之首,并且日益成为国际社会关注的热门话题。其重要的焦点就是如何控制温室气体的浓度稳定在防止气候系统受到危险的人为干扰的水平上。为此,国际上提出了许多新观点和新技术以达到上述目标。其中的碳捕获和存储就是一项关注于研究和开发CO2的分离、捕获、运输和存储的技术方法。分析了碳捕获和存储所涉及的科学和方法学问题,包括概念、技术流程、技术潜力以及涵盖的环境、经济和社会因素。在此基础上,分析评价了其对我国能源和经济的影响。最后提出了我国今后在开展碳捕获和存储研究、能力建设等方面的建议。

Climate change has been the top focus among the global environmental problems, and also attracts the interests of international society in recent decades. The key is how to achieve the stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Therefore, the new ideas and new technologies have been proposed to achieve the above objective in the world. The CO2 capture and storage （CCS） is a technology for the separation, capture, transportation and storage of carbon dioxide. The scientific methodology of CCS, including the concept, system, and technological potential as well as environmental, economical and social factors are summarized in this paper. Furthermore, the impacts on energy and economy in China are also analyzed. In the end, some suggestions on the research and capacity building of CCS in China are given.