39例15岁以下麻疹确诊病例临床分析

Analysis of 39 Confirmed Measles Cases under 15 Years Old

目的 分析〈15岁麻疹病例的临床和流行病学特征，为进一步控制麻疹提供依据。方法 对39例麻疹抗体阳性病例调查表进行分析。结果 39例中，具有典型麻疹病例临床特征的仅占23．08％（9例）；有2名小于8个月的婴儿麻疹病例；病例主要集中在5～9岁和10～45岁，分别占总病例数的43．59％和25．64％；79．49％（31例）的病例元免疫接种史和免疫史不详；发病有明显的季节性，高峰在3～6月份。结论 由于麻疹疫苗的广泛接种，具有典型临床特征的麻疹病例减少；麻疹疫苗复种的覆盖率低、免疫空白的存在是学龄前儿童和在校中、小学生麻疹发病多的主要原因。

Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of confirmed measles cases under 15 years old, improve diagnosis level, accelerate measles control. Methods Data of 39 measles cases with IgM positive were analyzed. Results Among 39 cases, only 9 cases were the typical, accounted for 23.07% ; 2 cases were under 8 months; Cases concentrated on children aged 5 ～9 and 10～ 15 years old, accounted for 43.59% and 25.64% respectively. 79.49% of them （31 cases） had zero-immunization history or unknown -immunization history; Measles was a dominant seasonal epidemic disease that most cases happened form March to June. Conclusions For measles vaccination of extensive inoculation. The cases with typical clinical features was decreasing ; The lower egfective 2 - dose of measles vaccination coverage that caused existing in a zero - immunization was the mail reason of high measles incidence among preschool and school children.