BAM22及其功能的研究进展

Bioactivity and function of BAM22

BAM22(Bovine adrenal medulla 22)是脑啡肽原(proenkephalin A,内源性Met-和Leu-enkephalins的前体)的一种降解产物。BAM22神经肽能够与μ、-δ-和κ-阿片受体特异性地结合,具有阿片样生物活性。近来发现,BAM22还能与感觉神经元特异性受体(sensory neuron-specific receptor,简称SNSR受体)─一种最新的G蛋白偶联的孤儿受体─结合,发挥非阿片样生物活性。SNSR只独特地分布在背根神经节中管理痛觉的神经元中,而BAM22又是体内自然存在的、对SNSR有很高活性的物质,因而重新引起人们的兴趣。本文就目前BAM22生理活性、生物作用的特点及其功能的研究状况作一综述。

BAM22（Bovine adrenal medulla 22） is a peptide with 22 amino acids that is one of the cleavage products of proenkephalin A,-the precursor of Leu-and Met-enkephalin. It binds to μ-, δ-and κ-opioid receptors with a high affinity, and this binding is naloxone-displaceable. The BAM22 peptide exhibits opioid activities. It has been found recently that BAM22 also displays an affinity to novel ＂orphan＂ G-protein-coupled receptors, namedthe sensory neuron-specific receptor （SNSR）. The fact that SNSR is uniquely localized in the small sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglion renews interest for studying the peptide. The bioactivity and functions of BAM22 were reviewed in this article.