中国古代科学技术思想中的感通论

On the Philosophical Idea of Gantong in Ancient Chinese Scientific and Technological Thought

中国古代科学技术思想中的感通论包括感应论和变通论两部分。感应论经历了三个发展阶段,其中人们对同类相感、异类相感、显感、潜感等进行了探讨,并把感应的机制分为气类感应和存在感应。变通论是感应论的进一步深化。变是过程,通是结果。通是在事物与事物之间呈现出来的。通具有存在论、认识论、实践论三层意义。感通论从一个侧面昭示了中国古代科学技术思想与源出于西方的近现代科学技术思想的不同。

As an impotent field in ancient Chinese science and technology thought, Gantong theory study movement and change mechanism. It comprises Ganying theory and Biantong theory. Ganying theory fell into three successive phases： Ganying on the kind of matter before Xihan dynasty, Ganying between Heaven and human during Xihan and Song dynasty, Ontological Ganying theory after Song dynasty, and many problems were discussed. Ganying theory laid the foundation for Biantong theory. Bian is process, Tong is result showing itself among matters. The meaning of Tong were discussed from ontology, epistemology and practice theory. In a word, from a viewpoint, Gantong theory show the differences between the thought of ancient Chinese science and technology and that of modern science and technology come from the Western.