纤维支气管镜在小儿呼吸系统疾病中的应用

Diagnosis and therapy of flexible bronchoscopy in children with respiratory diseases

目的:探讨纤维支气管镜(纤支镜)在小儿呼吸系统疾病中的诊治价值及其安全性。方法:回顾该院2000年1月～2005年2月收治的90例患有呼吸系统疾病的小儿行127例次的纤支镜检查及治疗情况。结果:明确诊断气道狭窄10例;食道气管瘘6例;肺出血8例;肺泡灌洗液细菌培养45例次,31例次有细菌生长,阳性率68.89%;肺不张28例,以炎症为主占85.77%(24/28),治愈率为92.86%(26/28);反复性肺部感染31例,治愈率87.10%(27/31)。结论:纤支镜在小儿呼吸系统疾病中具有诊断及治疗双重作用,而且其安全性好,在儿科呼吸系统疾病的诊治中值得广泛推广。

Objective： To investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic value and the safety of flexible bronchoseopy in infants with respiratory diseases. Methods： One hundred and twenty - one children were studied in this hospital from January 2000 to November 2005. Results： 10 cases with airway stenosis were found, 6 cases traeheoesophageal fistula and 8 cases pulmonary hemorrhage. Bacteria cultures were performed in 45 bronehoalveolar lavage samples and 31 samples （68.88%） were found bacteriologic positive. Ateleetasis was found in 28 cases, which was mainly caused by inflammation 87, 09% （23/28） . 26 patients were cured 92. 85% （26/28） . 31 cases with persistent hyperinflation was treated with flexible bronchoscopy and good results were obtained in 27 cases （87.09%） . Conclusion： Flexible bronchoscopy plays an important role in diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases in infants and children. The operation is safe and worthwhile to be widely used.