电力市场制度研究 (二)电力市场交易费用分析

Research on Electricity Market Institutions Part Two Transaction Cost Analysis of Electricity Market

市场交易不是无成本的,信息不对称等问题的存在导致了交易费用的出现,交易费用是影响电力市场化改革与电能交易实现的又一关键因素。电力重组得以发生正是交易费用降低的结果, 但是如何进行重组又必须考虑到交易费用的影响。实施市场化改革,引入竞争机制,可以降低交易实现的难度,而价格机制的确立更进一步促进了交易的协调发展。在电力市场的某些领域,集中优化方法能更好地解决问题,避免交易费用的上涨。设计电力市场交易机制时,应尽可能选择那些有利于降低交易费用、促进市场流动性的方案。为了实施有效监管,可以加大信息披露的力度,推动公众的参与,从而降低监管成本。

The market trades are not costless. The existence of information asymmetry problems and so on can induce the transaction cost, transaction cost is the key component to influence the realization of the electricity market reform and energy trades. The electricity industry restructuring is the results of transaction cost decrease, but how to restructure should consider the transaction cost influence. By implementing market reform and introducing competition, the difficulty of transaction realization is mitigated, and the establishment of price mechanism will further promote the coordinated development of transactions. In some fields of electricity market, it is necessary to implement central coordination and control to avoid the increase of transaction costs. When designing electricity market rules, it is needed to choose the schemes that will reduce transaction costs and encourage the fluency of market. In order to implement effective regulation, it is important to disclose more information and advance public participation, thus decreases the regulation costs.